Jenis-jenis Teks dalam bahasa inggris
Kinds of Texts
1. Descriptives
Text descriptive merupakan teks yang menjelaskan orang, tempat, atau benda tertent. Jadi, dalam teks deskripsi, kita dapat menjelaskan orang, tempat, atau benda yang kita lihat atau kita miliki.
Teks deskripsi terdiri atas unsur-unsur berikut :
a. Feature
Mengidentifikasi orang, tempat, atau benda yang kita lihat atau miliki.
b. Function
Menjelaskan deskripsi yang rinci tentang orang, tempat, atau benda tertentu yang meliputi bagian, kualitas, dan karakteristik. Serta yang membaca bisa langsung tergambar dengan yang di deskripsikan.
Contohnya :
I Have a neighbor. His name is Mr.Haryadi. stall near his house. He sells many kinds of fruits, such as oranges, apples, pears, bananas, pepayas, and watermelons.
Mr. Haryadi usually works in his fruit stall all day. He opens his stall at about nine a.m and closes it at about seven p.m. His wife and children often help him keep the stall. He has many customers. Thay like to buy the fruits in his stall because the fruits are always fresh. Moreover, Mr.Haryadi always serves his customers friendly.
2. Narratives
Teks narrative bertujuan untuk menghibur pendengar atau pembacanya. Teks ini bertalikan dengan pengalaman nyata, khayal, atau peristiwa pelik yang mengarah ke suatu krisis yang pada akhirnya menemukan suatu penyelesaian.
1. Function
The Purpose of Narrative Text is to amuse or to entertain the reader with a story. Narrative text bertujuan untuk menghibur pembaca tentang suatu kisah atau cerita.
2. Features
a. Menggunakan past tense,
b. Biasanya diawali dengan adverbs of time (kata keterangan waktu) seperti a long time ago, once upon a time, in a faraway land.
c. Menggunakan kata hubung(conjunction), seperti then, after that, before.
Contohnya :
Far off in the jungle, by the misty springs, lion was taking a walk by himself. Surprisingly, he was wearing a hot thick raincoat that he could not take off, Tiger, lion’s friend, was walking in the jungle too.
“My dear friend, lion, what are you doing in that hot thick raincoat on such a lovely day as this?” asked Tiger.
“Well,” Lion started out, “it was this morning, I put this raincout on. I really don’t remember why I put it on. I guess I just thought it might all og a sudden rain.”
Tiger shook his head and said, “Please don’t try to tell me you think it is going to rain today. The clouds aren’t even what I call thin.”
Lion’s eyes widened. He forced himself into thinking that he was going to wear this sweating hot raincoat on such a lovely warm October day. “Oh, No,” cried Lion.
“Do not worry at all my friend,” Tiger explained, “you simply cut off some of your sleeves and pants.”
“Great solution!” exploded excited Lion. He thanked his friend and ran home. He was so excited he cut off all his sleeves and pants. Then, he jumped out the door and felt the warm sunshine.
3. Argumentative
1. Function
Untuk menyakitkan, atau mempengaruhi pembaca agar memiliki pendapat yang sama dengan pendapat penulis.
2. Features
- Berisi pendapat, pandangan, atau keyakinan penulis terhadap suatu permasalahan.
- Memiliki data-data faktual yang digunakan untuk meyakinkan pembaca.
- Menjabarkan suatu permasalahan dengan cara menganalisa dan menganalogikan.
- Diakhiri dengan kesimpulan berupa pendapat yang lebih luas bukan merupakan penegasan kembali topik utama.
Contohnya :
The fate of pluralism in indonesia
Jakarta post, opinion and editorial – february 06, 2008
Michael setiawan, Jakarta
At a big conference attended by many delegates from several countries in Asia, I was one of four young delegates from Indonesia. But I was the only Indonesia-born Chinese.
Did I feel inferior, excluded, or discriminated against by my other Indonesia friends? No. The activities and the talks during the conference made me, together with my Indonesian friends, so proud to be a part of the Indonesian people. My friends did not discriminate against me in any way. Out relationship were full of respect and tolerance. When I was asked about my nationality, I answered firmly and proudly that I was Indonesian.
One question I am often asked is why am I so pround of this country. It is a hard question to anwer, especially if it asked by foreigners. Despite my ethnicity. I am still an indonesian and although I am a proud national, there in one thing that sometimes disturbs me. In this large country, I can still feel the discrimination. It has been here for a long time – from the era of out late former leader Soeharto to day’s President SBY, discrimination has never stopped. In the era of Soeharto, Chinese Indonesians were restricted from politics, civil servant work and the military. The situation was made worse when cultural activities, including the barongsai and dragon dance performances, were prohibited. Chinese New Year was not considered at all. In this era, I had to go school on chinese New Year. We could not skip class because it was a usual school day. The only way to celebrate chinese New Year was by providing a letter from our parents so that we could go home earlier. It was so hard to celebrate Chinese New Year during These year.
Source : Munash F. Anwar, English In Progress, yudhistira, Jawa Barat, 2008.
4. Report
a. Function
Untuk mengdeskripsikan sesuatu pada umumnya, yang meliputi berbagai hal/benda yang ada di alam, hal/benda buatan manusia, dan fenomena sosial yang terjadi disekitar kita, serta berisi serangkaian fakta yang logis, tanpa ada keterlibatan pribadi (pendapat pribadi)penulis.
b. Features
- Menggunakan simple present tense, kecuali apabila yang dibahas sudah punah menggunakan past tense.
- Menggunakan action verb (kata kerja tindakan)
Contohnya :
Tulips
Tulip are among the beautiful flower in the world, especially when they are blooming.
Tulips are monocots. They produce one large, bell-shaped bloom at the end of each stem. They come in most colours but blue. Reds and yellows are common, but they vary from white to deep purple.
There are over 4,000 garden varieties all over the word. And there are about 100 species of wild tulips, growing right across Asia to China.
Huge numbers of tulips are now grown in the fields in Holland. Nowaday Holland is still the centre of tulip growing.
Tulips are familiar for their blooming. They bloom in the spiring from bulbs.
Source : John Farndon, 1000 facts on plants, essex , miles kelly publising, 2002.
5. Recount
Text recount adalah teks yang menceritakan kembali suatu peristiwa yang telah terjadi pada masa lalu.
a. Function
Recount Text adalah untuk memberikan informasi atau untuk menghibur pembaca sehingga tidak terdapat konflik.
b. Features
Pada saat membaca Recount Text, akan ditemukan ciri-ciri kebahasaan sebagai berikut :
a. Menggunakan kalimat dalam bentuk Past Tense.
Contoh : We went to Bandung last year, I was very happy.
b. Menggunakan Action Verbs.
Contoh : went, bought, wrote, slept, dll.
c. Menggunakan Adverbs and Adverbial Phrase untuk mengungkapkan waktu, tempat dan cara.
Contoh : yesterday, at school, quickly, dll.
d. Menggunakan Conjunction dan Time Connectives untuk mengurutkan peristiwa atau kejadian. Contoh : but, and, after that, dll.
Contohnya :
Mr. And Mrs. Wilson once keps a large monkey he had brought from kalimantan. The monkey was very faithful to her masters and was very friendly to their baby girl.
On day Mr.and Mrs.Wilson went out to attend a wedding ceremony. They left the baby to the monkey they had trusted as a baby sister.
Suddenly, a fire broke out in the house. The door and the staircase were already an fire.
All the neighbours looked sadly at the windows of the room where the baby girl slept in. Somebody ran for a ladder to reach the window, but it was no use now.
Just then thay saw a black hand open the windows upsstairs. Then came out the monkey with the baby girl in her arms. Down she climbed. Slowly and carefully she brought the baby out safely.
6. Procedures
a. Function
- Menjelaskan bagaimana sesuatu dilakukan melalui serangkaian atau langkah.
b. Features
- Mengunakan simple present tense, seringkali dalam bentuk kalimat perintah (imperative),
- Menggunakan kata hubung temporal (first, then, next, finally) atau penomoran untuk menunjukkan urutan.
- Menggunakan proses material (material process).
Contohnya :
How to send E-mails via the internet
E-mail is by far the most popular service on the Internet. Sending messages is a snap.
Just follow these simple steps.
1. Open your e-mail program and lounch a new message windows by clicking on the appropriate icon.
2. In the TO box, type the name of the recipient, make sure you enter the address correctly or the message will return to you. You can also send copies (Cc:) and blind copies (Bcc:) to multiple addresses.
3. Type the subject of the e-mail.
4. Write your message in the massage windows. You can also copt text from a word processing programme and paste it into the window.
5. Click on the send icon or select send from the file menu.
Source : bachtiar B.M and Yuniarti D.A, detik-detik ujian nasional, intan pariwara, klaten, 2010.
1. Descriptives
Text descriptive merupakan teks yang menjelaskan orang, tempat, atau benda tertent. Jadi, dalam teks deskripsi, kita dapat menjelaskan orang, tempat, atau benda yang kita lihat atau kita miliki.
Teks deskripsi terdiri atas unsur-unsur berikut :
a. Feature
Mengidentifikasi orang, tempat, atau benda yang kita lihat atau miliki.
b. Function
Menjelaskan deskripsi yang rinci tentang orang, tempat, atau benda tertentu yang meliputi bagian, kualitas, dan karakteristik. Serta yang membaca bisa langsung tergambar dengan yang di deskripsikan.
Contohnya :
I Have a neighbor. His name is Mr.Haryadi. stall near his house. He sells many kinds of fruits, such as oranges, apples, pears, bananas, pepayas, and watermelons.
Mr. Haryadi usually works in his fruit stall all day. He opens his stall at about nine a.m and closes it at about seven p.m. His wife and children often help him keep the stall. He has many customers. Thay like to buy the fruits in his stall because the fruits are always fresh. Moreover, Mr.Haryadi always serves his customers friendly.
2. Narratives
Teks narrative bertujuan untuk menghibur pendengar atau pembacanya. Teks ini bertalikan dengan pengalaman nyata, khayal, atau peristiwa pelik yang mengarah ke suatu krisis yang pada akhirnya menemukan suatu penyelesaian.
1. Function
The Purpose of Narrative Text is to amuse or to entertain the reader with a story. Narrative text bertujuan untuk menghibur pembaca tentang suatu kisah atau cerita.
2. Features
a. Menggunakan past tense,
b. Biasanya diawali dengan adverbs of time (kata keterangan waktu) seperti a long time ago, once upon a time, in a faraway land.
c. Menggunakan kata hubung(conjunction), seperti then, after that, before.
Contohnya :
Far off in the jungle, by the misty springs, lion was taking a walk by himself. Surprisingly, he was wearing a hot thick raincoat that he could not take off, Tiger, lion’s friend, was walking in the jungle too.
“My dear friend, lion, what are you doing in that hot thick raincoat on such a lovely day as this?” asked Tiger.
“Well,” Lion started out, “it was this morning, I put this raincout on. I really don’t remember why I put it on. I guess I just thought it might all og a sudden rain.”
Tiger shook his head and said, “Please don’t try to tell me you think it is going to rain today. The clouds aren’t even what I call thin.”
Lion’s eyes widened. He forced himself into thinking that he was going to wear this sweating hot raincoat on such a lovely warm October day. “Oh, No,” cried Lion.
“Do not worry at all my friend,” Tiger explained, “you simply cut off some of your sleeves and pants.”
“Great solution!” exploded excited Lion. He thanked his friend and ran home. He was so excited he cut off all his sleeves and pants. Then, he jumped out the door and felt the warm sunshine.
3. Argumentative
1. Function
Untuk menyakitkan, atau mempengaruhi pembaca agar memiliki pendapat yang sama dengan pendapat penulis.
2. Features
- Berisi pendapat, pandangan, atau keyakinan penulis terhadap suatu permasalahan.
- Memiliki data-data faktual yang digunakan untuk meyakinkan pembaca.
- Menjabarkan suatu permasalahan dengan cara menganalisa dan menganalogikan.
- Diakhiri dengan kesimpulan berupa pendapat yang lebih luas bukan merupakan penegasan kembali topik utama.
Contohnya :
The fate of pluralism in indonesia
Jakarta post, opinion and editorial – february 06, 2008
Michael setiawan, Jakarta
At a big conference attended by many delegates from several countries in Asia, I was one of four young delegates from Indonesia. But I was the only Indonesia-born Chinese.
Did I feel inferior, excluded, or discriminated against by my other Indonesia friends? No. The activities and the talks during the conference made me, together with my Indonesian friends, so proud to be a part of the Indonesian people. My friends did not discriminate against me in any way. Out relationship were full of respect and tolerance. When I was asked about my nationality, I answered firmly and proudly that I was Indonesian.
One question I am often asked is why am I so pround of this country. It is a hard question to anwer, especially if it asked by foreigners. Despite my ethnicity. I am still an indonesian and although I am a proud national, there in one thing that sometimes disturbs me. In this large country, I can still feel the discrimination. It has been here for a long time – from the era of out late former leader Soeharto to day’s President SBY, discrimination has never stopped. In the era of Soeharto, Chinese Indonesians were restricted from politics, civil servant work and the military. The situation was made worse when cultural activities, including the barongsai and dragon dance performances, were prohibited. Chinese New Year was not considered at all. In this era, I had to go school on chinese New Year. We could not skip class because it was a usual school day. The only way to celebrate chinese New Year was by providing a letter from our parents so that we could go home earlier. It was so hard to celebrate Chinese New Year during These year.
Source : Munash F. Anwar, English In Progress, yudhistira, Jawa Barat, 2008.
4. Report
a. Function
Untuk mengdeskripsikan sesuatu pada umumnya, yang meliputi berbagai hal/benda yang ada di alam, hal/benda buatan manusia, dan fenomena sosial yang terjadi disekitar kita, serta berisi serangkaian fakta yang logis, tanpa ada keterlibatan pribadi (pendapat pribadi)penulis.
b. Features
- Menggunakan simple present tense, kecuali apabila yang dibahas sudah punah menggunakan past tense.
- Menggunakan action verb (kata kerja tindakan)
Contohnya :
Tulips
Tulip are among the beautiful flower in the world, especially when they are blooming.
Tulips are monocots. They produce one large, bell-shaped bloom at the end of each stem. They come in most colours but blue. Reds and yellows are common, but they vary from white to deep purple.
There are over 4,000 garden varieties all over the word. And there are about 100 species of wild tulips, growing right across Asia to China.
Huge numbers of tulips are now grown in the fields in Holland. Nowaday Holland is still the centre of tulip growing.
Tulips are familiar for their blooming. They bloom in the spiring from bulbs.
Source : John Farndon, 1000 facts on plants, essex , miles kelly publising, 2002.
5. Recount
Text recount adalah teks yang menceritakan kembali suatu peristiwa yang telah terjadi pada masa lalu.
a. Function
Recount Text adalah untuk memberikan informasi atau untuk menghibur pembaca sehingga tidak terdapat konflik.
b. Features
Pada saat membaca Recount Text, akan ditemukan ciri-ciri kebahasaan sebagai berikut :
a. Menggunakan kalimat dalam bentuk Past Tense.
Contoh : We went to Bandung last year, I was very happy.
b. Menggunakan Action Verbs.
Contoh : went, bought, wrote, slept, dll.
c. Menggunakan Adverbs and Adverbial Phrase untuk mengungkapkan waktu, tempat dan cara.
Contoh : yesterday, at school, quickly, dll.
d. Menggunakan Conjunction dan Time Connectives untuk mengurutkan peristiwa atau kejadian. Contoh : but, and, after that, dll.
Contohnya :
Mr. And Mrs. Wilson once keps a large monkey he had brought from kalimantan. The monkey was very faithful to her masters and was very friendly to their baby girl.
On day Mr.and Mrs.Wilson went out to attend a wedding ceremony. They left the baby to the monkey they had trusted as a baby sister.
Suddenly, a fire broke out in the house. The door and the staircase were already an fire.
All the neighbours looked sadly at the windows of the room where the baby girl slept in. Somebody ran for a ladder to reach the window, but it was no use now.
Just then thay saw a black hand open the windows upsstairs. Then came out the monkey with the baby girl in her arms. Down she climbed. Slowly and carefully she brought the baby out safely.
6. Procedures
a. Function
- Menjelaskan bagaimana sesuatu dilakukan melalui serangkaian atau langkah.
b. Features
- Mengunakan simple present tense, seringkali dalam bentuk kalimat perintah (imperative),
- Menggunakan kata hubung temporal (first, then, next, finally) atau penomoran untuk menunjukkan urutan.
- Menggunakan proses material (material process).
Contohnya :
How to send E-mails via the internet
E-mail is by far the most popular service on the Internet. Sending messages is a snap.
Just follow these simple steps.
1. Open your e-mail program and lounch a new message windows by clicking on the appropriate icon.
2. In the TO box, type the name of the recipient, make sure you enter the address correctly or the message will return to you. You can also send copies (Cc:) and blind copies (Bcc:) to multiple addresses.
3. Type the subject of the e-mail.
4. Write your message in the massage windows. You can also copt text from a word processing programme and paste it into the window.
5. Click on the send icon or select send from the file menu.
Source : bachtiar B.M and Yuniarti D.A, detik-detik ujian nasional, intan pariwara, klaten, 2010.
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